Design in the Process of Projection
Kantegh scientific articles, N2, Asoghik Publishing House, Yerevan 2015
(Translated from Armenian original)
The peculiarity of design developing history is that it has been continuously arranged, have an evolution, the sections of its problems expanded, forms and purposes of organizing activity has been changed. It included each change of the environment, each creative approach, which directly has an influenced on the changes of surrounding world, environment and subject. In this meaning it is worthy to remind that “design” word in English is used to express the meaning of “draw, project and form’’ notions, by which is mentioned the specific way of the subjective world projecting.
“Ecological design” term today supposes each projecting in design, which is directed not only to the manifestation of person attitude harmony towards to environment, but also to the expression and secure of that harmony.
Ecological design is the use of ecological means of design and means against the struggling processes of surrounding natural environment, as well as the secure of people biological security, the factors of ecological balance violation and pollution as a result of technological wastes in the solution of social modern problems.
Numerous scientists have an opinion that the ecological design is a type of projecting activity, which exists as a conscious counteraction towards to natural changes, which is expressed in the creative approaching spheres of subjective and spatial projecting. As a means of projecting the purpose of ecological design is the stabilization of person and surrounding correlation.
The use of ecological design means, contribution platform and object are both the nature affected on the person and both the person himself, him social, cultural, psychological requirements and their mutual connection on the totality of ecological issues. Let’s mention that there is no clear separation between projecting activity and ecological design as a projecting. As well as there are no categories which can consider the final category of ecological design that is to say the final categories of projecting of that sphere.
The activity of design completes sometimes finishes the project created by the architecture for person vital functions purposes, that is why it is necessary to mention the categories of design in that spheres of projecting. If in the industrial design in advance many years were discussed the production projects of secondary raw materials production, the problems of nature preservation, then in architecture it was spoken about use of ecological clean material, the correspondence of scenery to buildings and constructions.
Today architectures separate two main branches of the architectural assignment of ecological design, platform, as well as the architectural and ecological formation of object formation, and that branches are methodological and practical.
The methodology of ecological branch of the architecture assignment reflects to the main general tendencies of ecological approaches development. These problems today are the subject of numerous discussions of the theorists, specialists especially the architecture, which can divide into some principles;
First in case of methodological branch it is necessary to separate:
- The principle of person and surrounding environment totality, their interaction, reciprocal action and unity, which will secure psychological as well as physical comfort for person
- The principle of ecological periodicity, appears in the platform of natural movement periodicity and vital functions and architectural projecting of its dependent person, as well as in the processes of external and internal variability, agility, aesthetics, coordination, harmony.
- Projecting platform, as well as the principle of object which takes into consideration positive and negative qualities and border situation related to person adaptability opportunities.
- Projecting platform, as well as the principle of object singularity, which is formed in some situations of place and time and take into consideration social conditions and peculiarities of individual person, which are also typical for that folk culture and ethnic area.
Second in case of functional branch it is necessary to separate
- The architectural projecting platform, as well as the functional, applied principle of the ecological modeling is characterized by the level of practical problems and reflects the personal spatial approaches in ecology, as well as the peculiarities of branch and its principles.
- Projecting platform, as well as the correspondence of object’s resourcing principles with the ideas of normativity, savings and logical reasonable satisfaction.
- Projecting platform, as well as the form of object being unique and exceptional of contents, and the principle of being comfortable in implication of place social-psychological, functional and in symbolic project.
- Chronological and local principle which expresses the nature process interaction with person and environment and the platform of architecture projecting as well as the essence of correspondent ecological approach towards to the formation of object.
- The principle which reflects to the ecological categories of cuttings form and contents.
- The principles which secure the harmony of person and its surrounded environment, creation of physical and psychological balance, and equipoise between the correspondent materials and energy use in the aspect of ensuring
- The alternative principle of the spatial development corresponds with organizing ways of architectural multidimensional platform, supposes the variants of architectural alternative modeling of the architectural environment.
Thus, the architectural design is the artistic and technical creative means of the industrial design, its systems projecting, process and result which is directed to the completely correspondent satisfaction of projecting and creating platforms, objects and environment, person as a consumer, user opportunities both the aesthetic and both the consumer requirements.
LILIT MELIKYAN





